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从零搭建基于Prometheus+Grafana+AlertManager的监控报警系统

前言

业务中是否经常遇到服务器负载过高问题,或者经常碰到后台服务挂掉,却没有自动提醒功能,因此搭建一套监控报警系统势在必行。

Prometheus目前在开源社区相当活跃,在GitHub上拥有两万多Star,是当前最流行的监控系统,相比Zabbix,定制灵活度更高,而且Prometheus在云环境、容器支持这块优势明显。

Prometheus

简介

Prometheus是一套开源的监控&报警&时间序列数据库的组合,基于应用的metrics来进行监控的开源工具。

prometheus.png

下载&安装

  • 下载地址:https://prometheus.io/download/

  • 解压:tar zxvf prometheus-2.12.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

  • 编辑: prometheus.yml,其中包括全局、alertmanager、告警规则、监控job配置,具体内容如下。

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# my global config
global:
scrape_interval: 15s # Set the scrape interval to every 15 seconds. Default is every 1 minute.
evaluation_interval: 15s # Evaluate rules every 15 seconds. The default is every 1 minute.
# scrape_timeout is set to the global default (10s).

# Alertmanager configuration
alerting:
alertmanagers:
- static_configs:
- targets:
- 192.168.88.69:9093

# Load rules once and periodically evaluate them according to the global 'evaluation_interval'.
rule_files:
- "test_rules.yml"
# - "second_rules.yml"

# A scrape configuration containing exactly one endpoint to scrape:
# Here it's Prometheus itself.
scrape_configs:
# The job name is added as a label `job=<job_name>` to any timeseries scraped from this config.
- job_name: 'prometheus'

# metrics_path defaults to '/metrics'
# scheme defaults to 'http'.

static_configs:
- targets: ['192.168.88.69:9090']

- job_name: 'monitor'
scrape_interval: 5s
metrics_path: '/actuator/prometheus'
static_configs:
- targets: ['192.168.88.69:8008']

- job_name: 'node-exporter'
static_configs:
- targets: ['192.168.88.69:9100']

Spring Boot集成Prometheus

配置pom文件

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<!--监控-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.micrometer</groupId>
<artifactId>micrometer-registry-prometheus</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置yml

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server:
port: 8008
spring:
application:
name: monitor
management:
endpoints:
web:
exposure:
include: '*'
metrics:
tags:
application: ${spring.application.name}

添加配置类

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@Configuration
public class MeterRegistryConfig {
@Bean
MeterRegistryCustomizer<MeterRegistry> configurer(@Value("${spring.application.name}") String applicationName) {
return (registry) -> registry.config().commonTags("application", applicationName);
}
}

AlertManager

简介

Alertmanager 对收到的告警信息进行处理,包括去重,降噪,分组,策略路由告警通知。

配置

修改alertmanager.yml,当前配置的是邮箱告警,当然还支持企业微信、钉钉等,内容如下:

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global:
resolve_timeout: 5m
smtp_smarthost: 'smtp.mxhichina.com:25' # smtp地址
smtp_from: 'test@163.com' # 发送邮箱地址
smtp_auth_username: 'test@163.com' # 邮箱用户
smtp_auth_password: '123456' # 邮箱密码

route:
group_by: ["instance"] # 分组名
group_wait: 10s # 当收到告警的时候,等待十秒看是否还有告警,如果有就一起发出去
igroup_interval: 10s # 发送警告间隔时间
repeat_interval: 1h # 重复报警的间隔时间
receiver: mail # 全局报警组,这个参数是必选的,和下面报警组名要相同

receivers:
- name: 'mail' # 报警组名
email_configs:
- to: 'receiver@163.com' # 收件人邮箱
headers: {Subject: "告警测试邮件"}

启动

命令:./alertmanager & ,端口号:9093

Grafana

简介

Grafana是一款用Go语言开发的开源数据可视化工具,可以做数据监控和数据统计,带有告警功能。

配置

  1. 解压grafana-6.3.5.linux-amd64.tar.gz,启动 ./grafana-server &,访问地址http://192.168.88.69:3000

  2. 配置Data Sources
    Kafana.png

  3. 安装exporter,如要监控服务器的运行状态,需要安装node_exporter,并启动项目,端口号:9100,并在prometheus里配置节点,并重启prometheus。

  4. 导入模板,可以在Grafana官网找下,地址:https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards

node_exporter.png